LockdownV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000159

Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.

Identifieur interne : 000159 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000158; suivant : 000160

Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.

Auteurs : Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis [Grèce] ; Maria K. Apostolidou [Grèce] ; Marina B. Atsiova [Grèce] ; Anna K. Filippidou [Grèce] ; Angeliki K. Florou [Grèce] ; Dimitra S. Gousiou [Grèce] ; Aikaterini R. Katsara [Grèce] ; Sofia N. Mantzari [Grèce] ; Marina Padouva-Markoulaki [Grèce] ; Evangelia I. Papatriantafyllou [Grèce] ; Panagiota I. Sacharidi [Grèce] ; Aikaterini I. Tonia [Grèce] ; Eleni G. Tsagalidou [Grèce] ; Vasiliki P. Zymara [Grèce] ; Panagiotis E. Prezerakos [Grèce] ; Sotirios A. Koupidis [Grèce] ; Nikolaos K. Fountoulakis [Bulgarie] ; George P. Chrousos [Grèce]

Source :

Journal of affective disorders [ 1573-2517 ] ; 2021.

RBID : pubmed:33190113

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Anxiété (épidémiologie), Autorapport (MeSH), Comportement auto-agressif (MeSH), Dépression (épidémiologie), Enquêtes et questionnaires (MeSH), Facteurs de protection (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Grèce (épidémiologie), Humains (MeSH), Idéation suicidaire (MeSH), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Santé mentale (MeSH), État de santé (MeSH).
MESH :
- épidémiologie : Anxiété, Dépression, Grèce.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Autorapport, Comportement auto-agressif, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Facteurs de protection, Femelle, Humains, Idéation suicidaire, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Pandémies, Santé mentale, État de santé.
Wicri :
- geographic : Grèce.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Anxiety (epidemiology), COVID-19 (epidemiology), COVID-19 (psychology), COVID-19 (virology), Depression (epidemiology), Female (MeSH), Greece (epidemiology), Health Status (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Mental Health (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Protective Factors (MeSH), SARS-CoV-2 (isolation & purification), Self Report (MeSH), Self-Injurious Behavior (MeSH), Suicidal Ideation (MeSH), Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Greece.
- epidemiology : Anxiety, COVID-19, Depression.
- isolation & purification : SARS-CoV-2.
- psychology : COVID-19.
- virology : COVID-19.
- Adult, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Protective Factors, Self Report, Self-Injurious Behavior, Suicidal Ideation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

There are only a few published empirical data on COVID-19's effects on the mental health.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

During lockdown, an online questionnaire registered demographic, health data, previous psychiatric history, current anxiety, depression and suicidality, believing in conspiracy theories and other domains. Data from 3399 persons were used (81.08% females; aged 34.02 ± 9.72 and 18.27% males; aged 36.38±10.33). Distress and clinical depression were identified with the use of cut-off and a previously developed algorithm respectively.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

A post-stratification method was used; descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables.

RESULTS

Clinical depression was present in 9.31% of the stratified sample, while 8.5% had severe distress; increased anxiety was present in more than 45%. Suicidal thoughts increased in 10.40% and decreased in 4.42%. Beliefs in conspiracy theories were widely prevalent; at least half of cases were following various misconceptions. A model for the development of depression was created with general health status, previous history of depression, self-harm and suicidal attempts, family responsibility, economic change, and age acting as risk factors, while keeping a daily routine, pursuing religiousness/spirituality, and believing in conspiracy theories acting as protective factors.

CONCLUSIONS

The model developed here revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to clinical depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since most of these factors are modifiable. Future research, as well as interventions, should focus specifically on them.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.061
PubMed: 33190113
PubMed Central: PMC7605790

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Padouva Markoulaki, Marina" sort="Padouva Markoulaki, Marina" uniqKey="Padouva Markoulaki M" first="Marina" last="Padouva-Markoulaki">Marina Padouva-Markoulaki</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zymara, Vasiliki P" sort="Zymara, Vasiliki P" uniqKey="Zymara V" first="Vasiliki P" last="Zymara">Vasiliki P. Zymara</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Prezerakos, Panagiotis E" sort="Prezerakos, Panagiotis E" uniqKey="Prezerakos P" first="Panagiotis E" last="Prezerakos">Panagiotis E. Prezerakos</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Fountoulakis, Konstantinos N" sort="Fountoulakis, Konstantinos N" uniqKey="Fountoulakis K" first="Konstantinos N" last="Fountoulakis">Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Apostolidou, Maria K" sort="Apostolidou, Maria K" uniqKey="Apostolidou M" first="Maria K" last="Apostolidou">Maria K. Apostolidou</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Atsiova, Marina B" sort="Atsiova, Marina B" uniqKey="Atsiova M" first="Marina B" last="Atsiova">Marina B. Atsiova</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Filippidou, Anna K" sort="Filippidou, Anna K" uniqKey="Filippidou A" first="Anna K" last="Filippidou">Anna K. Filippidou</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Gousiou, Dimitra S" sort="Gousiou, Dimitra S" uniqKey="Gousiou D" first="Dimitra S" last="Gousiou">Dimitra S. Gousiou</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Katsara, Aikaterini R" sort="Katsara, Aikaterini R" uniqKey="Katsara A" first="Aikaterini R" last="Katsara">Aikaterini R. Katsara</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Mantzari, Sofia N" sort="Mantzari, Sofia N" uniqKey="Mantzari S" first="Sofia N" last="Mantzari">Sofia N. Mantzari</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Padouva Markoulaki, Marina" sort="Padouva Markoulaki, Marina" uniqKey="Padouva Markoulaki M" first="Marina" last="Padouva-Markoulaki">Marina Padouva-Markoulaki</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Papatriantafyllou, Evangelia I" sort="Papatriantafyllou, Evangelia I" uniqKey="Papatriantafyllou E" first="Evangelia I" last="Papatriantafyllou">Evangelia I. Papatriantafyllou</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Sacharidi, Panagiota I" sort="Sacharidi, Panagiota I" uniqKey="Sacharidi P" first="Panagiota I" last="Sacharidi">Panagiota I. Sacharidi</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tonia, Aikaterini I" sort="Tonia, Aikaterini I" uniqKey="Tonia A" first="Aikaterini I" last="Tonia">Aikaterini I. Tonia</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Tsagalidou, Eleni G" sort="Tsagalidou, Eleni G" uniqKey="Tsagalidou E" first="Eleni G" last="Tsagalidou">Eleni G. Tsagalidou</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Zymara, Vasiliki P" sort="Zymara, Vasiliki P" uniqKey="Zymara V" first="Vasiliki P" last="Zymara">Vasiliki P. Zymara</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Prezerakos, Panagiotis E" sort="Prezerakos, Panagiotis E" uniqKey="Prezerakos P" first="Panagiotis E" last="Prezerakos">Panagiotis E. Prezerakos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Laboratory of Integrated Health Care, Tripoli, Greece.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Laboratory of Integrated Health Care, Tripoli</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Tripoli</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Koupidis, Sotirios A" sort="Koupidis, Sotirios A" uniqKey="Koupidis S" first="Sotirios A" last="Koupidis">Sotirios A. Koupidis</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Social Cooperative (KoiSPE) "Athina Elpis", 8th Athens Mental Health Sector, Panhellenic Federation of Social Cooperatives (POKoiSPE), Athens</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Athènes</settlement>
<region nuts="2" type="region">Attique (région)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fountoulakis, Nikolaos K" sort="Fountoulakis, Nikolaos K" uniqKey="Fountoulakis N" first="Nikolaos K" last="Fountoulakis">Nikolaos K. Fountoulakis</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Bulgarie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Medical University of Sofia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chrousos, George P" sort="Chrousos, George P" uniqKey="Chrousos G" first="George P" last="Chrousos">George P. Chrousos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Grèce</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>National and Kapodistrian University of Athens</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<series><title level="j">Journal of affective disorders</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1573-2517</idno>
<imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date>
</imprint>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term>
<term>Anxiety (epidemiology)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (epidemiology)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (psychology)</term>
<term>COVID-19 (virology)</term>
<term>Depression (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Greece (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Health Status (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mental Health (MeSH)</term>
<term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Protective Factors (MeSH)</term>
<term>SARS-CoV-2 (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Self Report (MeSH)</term>
<term>Self-Injurious Behavior (MeSH)</term>
<term>Suicidal Ideation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term>
<term>Anxiété (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Autorapport (MeSH)</term>
<term>Comportement auto-agressif (MeSH)</term>
<term>Dépression (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Enquêtes et questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Facteurs de protection (MeSH)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Grèce (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Idéation suicidaire (MeSH)</term>
<term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mâle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Santé mentale (MeSH)</term>
<term>État de santé (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Greece</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Anxiety</term>
<term>COVID-19</term>
<term>Depression</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS-CoV-2</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>COVID-19</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anxiété</term>
<term>Dépression</term>
<term>Grèce</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Health Status</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Mental Health</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Protective Factors</term>
<term>Self Report</term>
<term>Self-Injurious Behavior</term>
<term>Suicidal Ideation</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Autorapport</term>
<term>Comportement auto-agressif</term>
<term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term>
<term>Facteurs de protection</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Idéation suicidaire</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Santé mentale</term>
<term>État de santé</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grèce</term>
</keywords>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>
</p>
<p>There are only a few published empirical data on COVID-19's effects on the mental health.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>MATERIAL AND METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>During lockdown, an online questionnaire registered demographic, health data, previous psychiatric history, current anxiety, depression and suicidality, believing in conspiracy theories and other domains. Data from 3399 persons were used (81.08% females; aged 34.02 ± 9.72 and 18.27% males; aged 36.38±10.33). Distress and clinical depression were identified with the use of cut-off and a previously developed algorithm respectively.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>STATISTICAL ANALYSIS</b>
</p>
<p>A post-stratification method was used; descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>Clinical depression was present in 9.31% of the stratified sample, while 8.5% had severe distress; increased anxiety was present in more than 45%. Suicidal thoughts increased in 10.40% and decreased in 4.42%. Beliefs in conspiracy theories were widely prevalent; at least half of cases were following various misconceptions. A model for the development of depression was created with general health status, previous history of depression, self-harm and suicidal attempts, family responsibility, economic change, and age acting as risk factors, while keeping a daily routine, pursuing religiousness/spirituality, and believing in conspiracy theories acting as protective factors.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>The model developed here revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to clinical depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since most of these factors are modifiable. Future research, as well as interventions, should focus specifically on them.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1573-2517</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>279</Volume>
<PubDate><Year>2021</Year>
<Month>01</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Journal of affective disorders</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>J Affect Disord</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>624-629</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
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<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.061</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION">There are only a few published empirical data on COVID-19's effects on the mental health.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="MATERIAL AND METHODS">During lockdown, an online questionnaire registered demographic, health data, previous psychiatric history, current anxiety, depression and suicidality, believing in conspiracy theories and other domains. Data from 3399 persons were used (81.08% females; aged 34.02 ± 9.72 and 18.27% males; aged 36.38±10.33). Distress and clinical depression were identified with the use of cut-off and a previously developed algorithm respectively.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS">A post-stratification method was used; descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS">Clinical depression was present in 9.31% of the stratified sample, while 8.5% had severe distress; increased anxiety was present in more than 45%. Suicidal thoughts increased in 10.40% and decreased in 4.42%. Beliefs in conspiracy theories were widely prevalent; at least half of cases were following various misconceptions. A model for the development of depression was created with general health status, previous history of depression, self-harm and suicidal attempts, family responsibility, economic change, and age acting as risk factors, while keeping a daily routine, pursuing religiousness/spirituality, and believing in conspiracy theories acting as protective factors.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">The model developed here revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to clinical depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since most of these factors are modifiable. Future research, as well as interventions, should focus specifically on them.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fountoulakis</LastName>
<ForeName>Konstantinos N</ForeName>
<Initials>KN</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece, 6, Odysseos str, 55535, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: kfount@med.auth.gr.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Apostolidou</LastName>
<ForeName>Maria K</ForeName>
<Initials>MK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Atsiova</LastName>
<ForeName>Marina B</ForeName>
<Initials>MB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Filippidou</LastName>
<ForeName>Anna K</ForeName>
<Initials>AK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Florou</LastName>
<ForeName>Angeliki K</ForeName>
<Initials>AK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
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<ForeName>Dimitra S</ForeName>
<Initials>DS</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Katsara</LastName>
<ForeName>Aikaterini R</ForeName>
<Initials>AR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
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<ForeName>Sofia N</ForeName>
<Initials>SN</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Padouva-Markoulaki</LastName>
<ForeName>Marina</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Papatriantafyllou</LastName>
<ForeName>Evangelia I</ForeName>
<Initials>EI</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sacharidi</LastName>
<ForeName>Panagiota I</ForeName>
<Initials>PI</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tonia</LastName>
<ForeName>Aikaterini I</ForeName>
<Initials>AI</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tsagalidou</LastName>
<ForeName>Eleni G</ForeName>
<Initials>EG</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zymara</LastName>
<ForeName>Vasiliki P</ForeName>
<Initials>VP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, School of Health sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Greece, Greece. Electronic address: vikizamara@eduact.org.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Prezerakos</LastName>
<ForeName>Panagiotis E</ForeName>
<Initials>PE</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Laboratory of Integrated Health Care, Tripoli, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Koupidis</LastName>
<ForeName>Sotirios A</ForeName>
<Initials>SA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Social Cooperative (KoiSPE) "Athina Elpis", 8th Athens Mental Health Sector, Panhellenic Federation of Social Cooperatives (POKoiSPE), Athens, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fountoulakis</LastName>
<ForeName>Nikolaos K</ForeName>
<Initials>NK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chrousos</LastName>
<ForeName>George P</ForeName>
<Initials>GP</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country>
<MedlineTA>J Affect Disord</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>7906073</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0165-0327</ISSNLinking>
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<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
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<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Mental health, conspiracy theories</Keyword>
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Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.

Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece.

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